The Impact of COVID-19 Crisis upon the Effectiveness of E-learning in Higher Education Institution

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Senior Lecturer, Business School, University Kuala Lumpur, 1016, Jalan Sultan Ismail, 50250 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2 Lecturer, Business School, University Kuala Lumpur, 1016, Jalan Sultan Ismail, 50250 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

3 Business School, University Kuala Lumpur, 1016, Jalan Sultan Ismail, 50250 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Abstract

The infestation of the world pandemic has significantly changed the landscape of teaching and learning experience in Malaysia.  Particularly for the institution under study, E-learning, previously used as the support medium to face-to-face classroom teaching, has become the primary medium of teaching and learning amid Covid-19.  E-learning platform has replaced the face-to-face classes. Even though it is only a temporary approach, less is known in terms of its effectiveness.  The present paper intends to examine the factors contributing to E-learning's effectiveness in a Higher Education Institution in Malaysia amid the COVID-19 crisis. The Technology Acceptance Model underpinned the conceptual framework.   This study investigated the relationship between the independent variables (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and self-motivation) and E-learning effectiveness.  The data were collected through an online self-administrated questionnaire using Google form and received a total of 354 respondents.  The data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS.  The findings revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and self-motivation positively influenced E-learning's effectiveness.  This paper concluded that regardless of whether as the support medium or the primary medium in the teaching and learning process, the determinant to E-Learning effectiveness is still perceived the same. This study also supports the TAM proposition while incorporate self-motivation in measuring learning effectiveness.

Keywords

References

Abdullah, M. S., & Toycan, M. (2017). Analysis of the Factors for the Successful E-Learning Services Adoption from Education Providers' and Students' Perspectives: A case study of Private Universities in Northern Iraq. Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 1097-1109.
Ab Hamid, M. R., Sami, W., & Sidek, M. M. (2017, September). Discriminant validity assessment: Use of Fornell & Larcker criterion versus HTMT criterion. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 890, No. 1, p. 012163). IOP Publishing.
Al-Azawei, A., & Lundqvist, D. K. (2015). Learner Differences in Perceived Satisfaction of an Online Learning: an Extension to the Technology Acceptance Model in an Arabic Sample. The Electronic Journal of e-Learning Volume 13 Issue 5, 408-426.
Allam, S. N., Hassan, M. S., Mohideen, R. S., Ramlan, A. F., & Kamal, R. M. (2020). Online Distance Learning Readiness During Covid-19 Outbreak Among Undergraduate Students . International Journal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences, 642-657.
Almarabeh, T. (2014). Students' Perceptions of E-Learning at the University of Jordan. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 31-35.
Almarzooq, Z. I., Lopes, M., & Kochar, A. (2020). Virtual Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY, 1.
Al-Rahmi, W. M., Othman, M. S., & Yusuf, L. M. (2015). The Effectiveness of Using E-Learning in Malaysian Higher Education: A Case Study University Teknologi Malaysia. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 625-637.
Alsabawy, A. Y., Cater-Steel, A., & Soar, J. (2016). Determinants of perceived usefulness of e-learning systems. Computers in Human Behavior, 843-858.
Bourdeaux, R., & Schoenack, L. (2016). Adult Student Expectations and Experiences in an Online Learning environment. The Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 152-161.
Cahapay, M. B. (2020). Rethinking Education in the New Normal Post-COVID-19 Era: A Curriculum Studies Perspective. Aquademia, 1-5.
Chopra, G., Madan, P., Jaisingh, P., & Bhaskar, P. (2019). Effectiveness of e-learning portal from students' perspective. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 1-24.
Daneji, A. A., Ayub, A. F., Jaafar, W. M., & Khambari, M. N. (2017). Influence of Students' Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness and Time Spent Towards Students' Continuance Intention Using MOOC Among Public University Students. 3rd International Conferences on Education in Muslim Society, 264-268.
Dhawan, S. (2020). Online Learning: A Panacea in the Time of COVID-19 Crisis. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 1-18.
El-Seoud, M. S., Taj-Eddin, I. A., Seddiek, N., El-Khouly, M. M., & Nosseir, A. (2014). E-Learning and Students' Motivation: A Research Study on the Effect of E-Learning on Higher Education. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 20-26.
Faqih, K. M. (2016). Which is More Important in E-learning Adoption, Perceived Value or Perceived Usefulness? Examining the Moderating Influence of Perceived Compatibility. E-Journal of Education, 37-67.
Ghareb, M. I., & Mohammed, S. A. (2016). The Effect of E-Learning and the Role of New Technology at the University of Human Development. International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research, 299-307.
Harandi, S. R. (2015). Effects of e-learning on students' motivation. 3rd International Conference on Leadership, Technology and Innovation Management, 423-430.
Huang, F., Teo, T., & Scherer, R. (2020). Investigating the antecedents of university students' perceived ease of using the internet for learning. Interactive Learning Environments, 1-18.
Ibrahim, R., Leng, N. S., Yusoff, R. C., Samy, G. N., Masrom, S., & Rizman, Z. I. (2017). E-learning acceptance based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 871-889.
Islam, N. (2013). Conceptualizing Perceived Usefulness In ELearning Context And Investigating Its Role In Improving Students' Academic Performance. Proceedings of the 21st European Conference on Information Systems, 1-12.
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review.
Kim, K.-J., & Frick, T. W. (2011). Changes in student motivation during online learning. J. Educational Computing Research, 1-23.
Kwok, D. (2015). Predictors of students' perceived course outcomes in e-learning using a Learning Management System. Ascilite. 155-167.
Masrom, M. (2007). Technology Acceptance Model and E-learning. 12th International Conference on Education, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Institute of Education, 21-24.
Murphy, M. P. (2020). Covid-19 and Emergency e-learning Consequences of the securitization of higher education for post-pandemic pedagogy. Contemporary Security Policy, 1-14.
Ngammpornchai, A., & Adams, J. (2016). Students' acceptance and readiness for E-learning in Northeastern Thailand. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 1-13.
Noesgaard, S. S., & Ørngreen, R. (2015). The Effectiveness of E-Learning: An Explorative and Integrative Review of the Definitions, Methodologies and Factors that Promote e-Learning Effectiveness. Electronic Journal of ELearning, 278-290.
Ong, C.-S., Laia, J.-Y., & Wang, Y.-S. (, 2004). Factors affecting engineers' acceptance of asynchronous e-learning systems in high-tech companies. Information & Management, 795-804.
Paechter, M., & Maier, B. (2010). Online or face-to-face? Students' experiences and preferences in e-learning. Internet and Higher Education, 292-297.
Panyajamorn, T., Suanmali, S., Kohda, Y., Chongphaisal, P., & Supnithi, T. (2018). Effectiveness of E-learning design and affecting variables in Thai Public Schools. Malaysian Journa of Learning and Instructions, 1-34.
Punnoose, A. C. (2012). Determinants of Intention to Use eLearning Based on the Technology Acceptance Model . Journal of Information Technology Education: Research , 302-336.
Raheem, B. R., & Khan, M. (2020). THE ROLE OF E-LEARNING IN COVID-19 CRISIS . International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (ICJCRT), 3135-3138.
Salamat, L., Ahmad, G., Bakht, M. I., & Saifi, I. L. (2018). Effects of e–learning on students' academic learning at university level. Asian Innovative Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities (AIJSSH), 1-12.
Salloum, S. A., Alhamad, A. Q., Al-emran, M., Monem, A. A., & Shaalan, K. (2019). Exploring Students' Acceptance of E-Learning Through the Development of a Comprehensive Technology Acceptance Model. IEEE Access, 128445-128462.
Sandybayev, A. (2020). The Impact of E-Learning Technologies on Student's Motivation: Student Centered Interaction in Business Education . International Journal of Research in Tourism and Hospitality (IJRTH), 16-24.
Somayeh, M., Dehghani, M., Mozaffari, F., Ghasemnegad, S. M., Hakimi, S., & Samaneh, B. (2016). The effectiveness of E-learning in learning: A review of the literature. International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences, 86-91.
Sun, P.-C., Tsai, R. J., Finger, G., Chen, Y. Y., & Yeh, D. (2008). What drives successful e-learning? An empirical investigation of the critical factors influencing learners satisfaction. Computers & Education, 1183-1202.
Tabak, F., & Nguyen, N. T. (2013). Technology Acceptance and Performance in Online Learning Environments: Impact of Self-Regulation. MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 116-130.
Taherdoost, H. (2018). A Review of Technologies acceptance and Adoption models and theories. International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering, 960-967.
Viner, R. M., Russell, S. J., Croker, H., Packer, J., Ward, J., Stansfield, C., . . . Booy, R. (2020). School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks, including COVID-19: a rapid systematic review. The Lancet, 1-8.
Wang, C.-H., Shannona, D. M., & Ross, M. E. (2013). Students' characteristics, self regulated learning, technology self efficacy, and course outcomes in online learning. Distance Education, 302-323.
Wargadinata, W., Maimunah, I., Dewi, E., & Rofiq, Z. (2020). Student’s Responses on Learning in the Early COVID-19 Pandemic . Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Tarbiyah 5 , 141-153.
Widjaja, A. E., & Chen, J. V. (2017). Online Learners' Motivation in Online Learning: The Effect of Online - Participation, Social Presence, and Collaboration. E-Learning, 72-93.
Zhang, W., Wang, Y., Yang, L., & Wang, C. (2020). Suspending Classes Without Stopping Learning: China's Education Emergency Management Policy in the COVID-19 Outbreak. Risk and Financial Management, 1-6.
Zhu, X., & Liu, J. (2020). Education in and After Covid-19: Immediate Responses and Long-Term Visions. Postdigital Science and Education, 1-5.
Journal of Information Technology Management
Volume 13, Issue 3
2021
Pages 160-177

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics