Improving LoRaWAN Performance Using Reservation ALOHA

Document Type : Proceedings of The 6'th International Conference on Communication Management and Information Technology (ICCMIT'20)

Author

Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

LoRaWAN is one of the new and updated standards for IoT applications. However, the expected high density of peripheral devices for each gateway, and the absence of an operative synchronization mechanism between the gateway and peripherals, all of which challenges the networks scalability. In this paper, we propose to normalize the communication of LoRaWAN networks using a Reservation-ALOHA (R-ALOHA) instead of the standard ALOHA approach used by LoRa. The implementation is a library package placed on top of the standard LoRaWAN; thus, no modification in pre-existing LoRaWAN structure and libraries is required. Our proposed approach is based on a distributed synchronization service that is suitable for low-cost IoT end-nodes. R-ALOHA LoRaWAN gives better performance in comparison with the previous models; Pure-ALOHA LoRaWAN, Slotted-ALOHA LoRaWAN, and TDMA LoRaWAN. It significantly improves the performance of network regarding the probability of collision, the maximum throughput, and the maximum duty cycle.

Keywords


Adelantado, F., Vilajosana, X., Tuset-Peiro, P., Martinez, B., Melia-Segui, J., & Watteyne, T. (2017). Understanding the limits of LoRaWAN. IEEE Communications magazine, 55(9), 34-40.
Alliance, L. (2016). LoRaWAN Specification v1. 0.2. Date of retrieval, 13, 2018.
Augustin, A., Yi, J., Clausen, T., & Townsley, W. M. (2016). A study of LoRa: Long range & low power networks for the internet of things. Sensors, 16(9), 1466.
Bouguera, T., Diouris, J. F., Chaillout, J. J., Jaouadi, R., & Andrieux, G. (2018). Energy consumption model for sensor nodes based on LoRa and LoRaWAN. Sensors, 18(7), 2104.
Casares-Giner, V., Martinez-Bauset, J., & Portillo, C. (2019). Performance evaluation of framed slotted ALOHA with reservation packets and successive interference cancelation for M2M networks. Computer Networks, 155, 15-30.
Frenzel, L. (2013). Fundamentals of Communications Access Technologies: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, OFDMA, AND SDMA. Electronic Design. Last modified on Jan, 22.
Ibrahim, D. M. (2019, June). Internet of Things Technology based on LoRaWAN Revolution. In 2019 10th International Conference on Information and Communication Systems (ICICS) (pp. 234-237). IEEE.
Khater, E. M., & Ibrahim, D. M. (2019). Proposed ST-Slotted-CS-ALOHA Protocol for Time Saving and Collision Avoidance. ISeCure, 11(3).
Lavric, A., & Petrariu, A. I. (2018, May). LoRaWAN communication protocol: The new era of IoT. In 2018 International Conference on Development and Application Systems (DAS) (pp. 74-77). IEEE.
Muzammir, M. I., Abidin, H. Z., Abdullah, S. A. C., & Zaman, F. H. K. (2019, April). Performance analysis of LoRaWAN for indoor application. In 2019 IEEE 9th Symposium on Computer Applications & Industrial Electronics (ISCAIE) (pp. 156-159). IEEE.
Nolan, K. E., Guibene, W., & Kelly, M. Y. (2016, September). An evaluation of low power wide area network technologies for the Internet of Things. In 2016 international wireless communications and mobile computing conference (IWCMC) (pp. 439-444). IEEE.
Petrovic, I., & Thomas, G. (2006). Multi-Frame Reservation (MFR) ALOHA Protocols. In 14. Telekomunikacioni forum TELFOR 2006.
Piyare, R., Murphy, A. L., Magno, M., & Benini, L. (2018). On-demand LoRa: Asynchronous TDMA for energy efficient and low latency communication in IoT. Sensors, 18(11), 3718.
Polonelli, T., Brunelli, D., & Benini, L. (2018, October). Slotted aloha overlay on lorawan-a distributed synchronization approach. In 2018 IEEE 16th International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing (EUC) (pp. 129-132). IEEE.
Polonelli, T., Brunelli, D., Marzocchi, A., & Benini, L. (2019). Slotted aloha on lorawan-design, analysis, and deployment. Sensors, 19(4), 838.
Rahman, K. A., & Tepe, K. E. (2012). Extended sliding frame R-Aloha: Medium access control (MAC) protocol for mobile networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 10(6), 1017-1027.
Sanchez-Iborra, R., Sanchez-Gomez, J., Ballesta-Viñas, J., Cano, M. D., & Skarmeta, A. F. (2018). Performance evaluation of LoRa considering scenario conditions. Sensors, 18(3), 772.
Trüb, R., & Thiele, L. (2018, November). Increasing Throughput and Efficiency of LoRaWAN Class A. In UBICOMM 2018. The Twelfth International Conference on Mobile Ubiquitous Computing, Systems, Services and Technologies (pp. 54-64). International Academy, Research, and Industry Association (IARIA).
Volume 12, Issue 2
Proceedings of The 6'th International Conference on Communication Management and Information Technology (ICCMIT'20)
2020
Pages 70-78