Alabbasi, D. (2016). WhatsApp, agency and education: The case of female Saudi teachers. Charting flexible pathways in open and distance education, 236.
Church, K., & de Oliveira, R. (2013, August). What's up with WhatsApp?: comparing mobile instant messaging behaviors with traditional SMS. In Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services (pp. 352-361). ACM.
Davis Jr, F. D. (1986). A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information systems: Theory and results. Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 319-340.
Dubai School of Government’s Governance and Innovation Program (2019). Arab Social Media Report, 2015. Retrieved May 15, 2019, from https://www.arabsocialmediareport.com/
Grinter, R. & Eldridge, M. (2001). y do tngrs luv 2 txt msg?, Proceedings of ECSCW ‘01, Bonn, Germany, 219-238.
Grinter, R. & Palen, L. (2002). Instant messaging in teen life. Proceedings of CSCW ‘02, New Orleans, LA.
Isaacs, E., Walendowski, A., Whittaker, S., Schiano, D. J., & Kamm, C. (2002, November). The character, functions, and styles of instant messaging in the workplace. In Proceedings of the 2002 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work (pp. 11-20). ACM.
Maheswari, P. U. (2014). Frequency of using WhatsApp Messenger among college students in Salem District, TamilNadu.
Mahowald, R. & Levitt, M. (2000). Finding a place: Corporate instant messaging market forecast & analysis, 2000-2004, IDC Report.
Nardi, B., Whittaker, S. & Bradner, E. (2000). Interaction and outeraction: Instant messaging in action, Proceedings of CSCW ‘00. Philadelphia, PA, 79-88.
Radicati Group (2001). Instant messaging and SMS, market trends 2001-2004. Radicati Market Report.
Rhinelander, T. (2000). Intense users will drive increased IM capabilities. Forrester Technographics Brief.
Whittaker, S., Frohlich, D. & Daly-Jones, W. (1994). Informal workplace communication: What is it like and how might we support it?, Proceedings of CHI ‘94, Boston, MA, 131-137.
StatCounter (2019). Social Media Stats in Kuwait. Retrieved May 15, 2019, from http://gs.statcounter.com/social-media-stats/all/kuwait