Univrsity Of Tehran PressJournal of Information Technology Management2980-797217320250801A Comparison of Prerequisite and Post-requisite Microlearning Approaches with Traditional Training for Developing Professional Competence in Human Resources11710329610.22059/jitm.2025.395008.4119ENMobinTatariM.A., Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.ElhamAkbariAssistant Prof., Department of Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Learning Systems, Faculty of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20250512The microlearning approach is increasingly adopted in organizational training because it delivers educational content in concise and easily digestible segments. This approach is widely viewed as both engaging and effective. However, empirical evidence regarding its effectiveness remains limited, particularly when microlearning is a prerequisite or a post-requisite to conventional training courses. To address this gap, the present study evaluated the effectiveness of prerequisite and post-requisite microlearning formats compared to traditional training methods in enhancing employees’ professional competencies. This study employed a quasi-experimental post-test design with a control group. The target population comprised employees of a state-owned bank in Tehran Province. From this population, 90 individuals were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups: a prerequisite microlearning group (experimental), a post-requisite microlearning group (experimental), and a traditional training group (control). All groups received a training course titled Problem-Solving in the Banking Industry. For the experimental groups, the course was delivered using a blended approach that combined microlearning with face-to-face instruction. In contrast, the control group received the training exclusively through face-to-face sessions. Data collection and analysis were conducted over three weeks using the Kirkpatrick Evaluation Model. The findings revealed that the experimental groups reported significantly higher levels of reaction (p = 0.017) and learning (p = 0.001) compared to the control group. However, no significant difference in behavioral change was observed among the groups (p = 0.115). These results suggest that while microlearning can enhance learner reactions and learning outcomes, it may not be sufficient to drive behavioral change in the workplace.https://jitm.ut.ac.ir/article_103296_739f24c339986977517631547927678e.pdfUnivrsity Of Tehran PressJournal of Information Technology Management2980-797217320250801Blended Learning in Higher Education: Key Challenges184010329710.22059/jitm.2025.374767.3883ENAtefehGhofraniPh.D. in Educational Management, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.FatemehNarenji ThaniAssociate Professor, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.MohammadLohrasbiMaster's student in Planning and Administration of Higher Education, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20241107Blended learning is a pedagogical approach that combines face-to-face instruction with online activities and has garnered significant interest in recent years. Despite the potential benefits of blended learning, it faces several critical issues that may dampen stakeholders' enthusiasm within universities. Consequently, the current study explores the key challenges of blended learning in higher education institutions. The data for this research were collected through a qualitative approach, using a descriptive phenomenological method and semi-structured interviews with experts in the field. The findings were then analyzed using Colaizzi’s (1978) seven-step method. During our research, interviews were conducted with 14 experts in the field through purposeful sampling. From these comprehensive discussions, a total of 112 significant statements were identified. These statements were then meticulously categorized into ten initial themes, providing a structured overview of the data. Further analysis allowed us to distill the challenges associated with the blended learning approach in higher education into three critical factors. The validity of the qualitative data, based on the four criteria of Lincoln and Guba (1985)—credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability—was examined through re-coding by two independent coders and confirmed. The findings reveal that the challenges associated with implementing blended learning in higher education can be categorized into personal, organizational, and support-related factors. Each of these dimensions encompasses various critical elements. Notably, these research outcomes hold significant potential for facilitating the successful adoption of a pragmatic blended teaching and learning approach within higher education.https://jitm.ut.ac.ir/article_103297_b2b66a8a3f0f7329b01d258cfff9d9ed.pdfUnivrsity Of Tehran PressJournal of Information Technology Management2980-797217320250801An Analytical Framework for Evaluating the Impact of Digital Transformation Technologies on Business Performance: A Natural Language Processing Approach418810329810.22059/jitm.2025.384662.3872ENImanRaeesi VananiAssociate Prof., Department of Information Technology and Operations Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.Mohammad AminYalpanianMaster of Information Technology Management, Advanced Information Systems, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.Mohammad TaghiTaghavifardProf., Department of Information Technology and Operations Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.YasamanTahmasebyMaster of Information Technology Management, Advanced Information Systems, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20241031Extensive technological advancements have highlighted the importance of digital transformation in improving business performance. While prior research on this topic has been done in the information systems and business management domains, it has been limited to specific areas. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the impact of digital transformation comprehensively. This research aims to systematically identify critical themes, significant topics, main concepts, and trend priorities. The study involved the analysis of 474 research papers from 2015 to 2024 from reputable databases such as SCOPUS, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore. First, thematic analysis identified the main themes and interpreted their relationships. Identified themes refer to technological changes at the operational and strategic levels through data analytics, digitalization, collaborative learning, and digital interaction. Realizing that digital transformation leads to value creation, improved service quality, customer experience, and long-term communication in digital ecosystems. These findings were related to dynamic capability theory concepts and compared with theory constructs like sensing, seizing, and transforming. Next, text mining techniques were used for deeper investigation, including word cloud, topic modeling (Latent Dirichlet Allocation), and text clustering (K-means). Findings were categorized into three perspectives: business, customer, and systemic, highlighting the influential role of digital technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities. Moreover, trend analysis presented research priorities using VOSviewer. Finally, research innovation involved designing thematic networks and examining the relevance of significant topics as a research artifact with subtle differences compared to the conducted research. This novel approach provides five targeted propositions to audiences for future research.https://jitm.ut.ac.ir/article_103298_06e47a7d51e09ed4f81605ad5cbec0b6.pdfUnivrsity Of Tehran PressJournal of Information Technology Management2980-797217320250801Exploring Overlooked Features of Online Touchpoints in Multitouch Attribution Models: A Qualitative Study8911610329910.22059/jitm.2025.392364.4053ENRoyaZaare NahandiPh.D. Candidate, Department of Marketing, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran.0009-0007-5920-6061AmirKhanlariAssociate Prof., Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Management, College of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20250320The challenge of allocating marketing budgets across multiple online channels is a significant issue for practitioners and continues to be a compelling area of research within the academic community. Many practitioners attribute credit to touchpoints in analyzing online users’ journeys based on intuition or by comparing existing models. Touchpoints are the interaction moments between companies and customers. Marketers monitor all data related to touchpoints throughout the customer journey and attempt to assess the impact of each advertising channel. Understanding each touchpoint is crucial for making decisions about budget allocations and setting inventory prices. Numerous studies have been conducted to categorize and analyze touchpoints. However, a detailed and comprehensive study on this topic is lacking. In this study, nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts and academics in the field, leading to the identification of 35 distinct touchpoint features. The features were extracted using MAXQDA software and a thematic analysis methodology. These features have been organized into five main categories: Time (9 features), Technology (6 features), Marketing (7 features), Visits (7 features), and Events (6 features). Utilizing these features allows for detailed monitoring of online user behavior, and by integrating them into attribution models, it becomes possible to make accurate predictions about conversions.https://jitm.ut.ac.ir/article_103299_ef7ab8601f90e600ae2d9184ae6371cd.pdfUnivrsity Of Tehran PressJournal of Information Technology Management2980-797217320250801A Governance Framework for Digital Transformation in Banking: Unveiling Archetypes through Latent Class Analysis11714710330010.22059/jitm.2025.385459.3901ENHosseinKhosropourPh.D. Candidate, Department of Technology Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.MehdiElyasiAssociate Prof., Department of Technology Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.Seyed SoroushGhazinooriAssociate Prof., Department of Technology Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.MohammadrezaTaghvaDepartment of Operations Management and Information Technology, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20241120The banking industry is undergoing a significant transformation driven by digital technologies, evolving customer behaviors, and increasing regulatory pressures. To remain competitive, banks must adopt governance frameworks that integrate digital innovations to enhance operational efficiency and improve environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. This study identifies governance framework archetypes essential to digital transformation in banks through a comprehensive research methodology, including a literature review of digital governance frameworks, a comparative analysis of 11 leading digital banks worldwide, and latent class analysis to uncover key archetypes. Our findings reveal nine distinct governance archetypes, categorized into three dimensions: structural, including Centralized, Semi-centralized, and Open Innovation-oriented banks; dedicated processes, comprising Continuous Improvement, Vanguard, and Fast Follower banks; and relational mechanisms, featuring Self-empowering, Explorer, and Relationship-oriented banks. This classification advances the understanding of governance approaches that effectively support banks in their digital transformation journeys. The implications of these archetypes are substantial, offering a framework for banks to align their strategies with digital transformation initiatives. By adopting these governance structures, banks can better navigate the complexities of the digital landscape, foster innovation, and ultimately enhance their service offerings while addressing the evolving demands of customers. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on digital governance in banking and provides guidance for financial institutions striving to succeed in an increasingly digital world.https://jitm.ut.ac.ir/article_103300_b741f37f174e4f048d0afba9a79c5fbd.pdfUnivrsity Of Tehran PressJournal of Information Technology Management2980-797217320250801The Impact of Smartphone Users’ Digital Literacy on Information Security Protection Intentions14817210330110.22059/jitm.2025.377234.3694ENZhenxiangCaoAssistant Prof., Hefei Institute For Advanced Research, School of International Trade and Economics, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, China.0000-0002-6071-8263LiqingPengInstructor, Department of Human Resources, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.YiliChuAssistant Prof., School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.YeFanLecturer, College of Anhui Audit, Hefei, China.Journal Article20240529In the digital economy era, the widespread use of smartphones has brought about new information security threats, increasing the risk of data leakage from personal devices. Digital literacy, defined as the skills and knowledge needed to navigate digital life effectively, offers new perspectives and motivation for safeguarding personal information security. This study investigates the relationship between digital literacy and smartphone users’ intention to protect their information security. Drawing on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and Technology Threat Avoidance Theory (TTAT), a theoretical model was developed to examine both the direct and indirect effects of digital literacy on users’ information security protection intentions. Questionnaire data from 372 smartphone users in China were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results reveal that digital literacy has a significant positive impact on users’ response efficacy, self-efficacy, and their intention to protect information security. Moreover, digital literacy influences protection intention indirectly through self-efficacy and response efficacy. However, perceived threat, although positively influenced by digital literacy, does not have a significant effect on users’ protection intention. This study offers valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and businesses in promoting a secure mobile environment and provides practical recommendations for enhancing personal information security in the digital age.https://jitm.ut.ac.ir/article_103301_357e24015f00e276622e8394c818c7ad.pdfUnivrsity Of Tehran PressJournal of Information Technology Management2980-797217320250801The Effect of Time-related IS Project Names on Project Escalation17319610330210.22059/jitm.2025.392405.4055ENNickBenschopAssociate Prof., Erasmus School of Accounting & Assurance, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Center for Accounting, Auditing & Control, Nyenrode Business University, Breukelen, Netherlands.Arno L. P.NuijtenProf., Erasmus School of Accounting & Assurance, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Open University Netherlands, Netherlands; Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa.0000-0002-6701-8040MarkKeilProf., Department of Computer Information Systems, J. Mack Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.Harry R.CommandeurProf., Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Erasmus School of Accounting & Assurance, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.Journal Article20250320Many Information Systems (IS) projects experience serious problems that prevent them from meeting schedule, budget, and functionality targets. Managers often escalate their commitment to such projects, plowing ahead with them instead of hitting the pause button to address issues, a process known as project escalation. Due to the increasing pressure to develop systems and bring products to market faster, making decisions that involve time are more important than ever. While time has been studied in the IS domain, the effect of emphasizing time in a project’s name on IS project escalation decisions is not known. In this study, we explore whether a project name that explicitly refers to time can influence escalation decisions, and we examine the underlying mechanism through which that occurs. Sixty-two practitioners participated in a 2x1 factorial design experiment in which the project name was manipulated, but all other project information was identical. We theorize that emphasizing time in the project name can cause selective perception, drawing attention towards the schedule of the project and away from other aspects. Such selective perception can increase the likelihood of escalation of commitment to the schedule of the project when facing quality issues that require deviating from this schedule. We hypothesize that this effect of selective perception on escalation can be both direct and indirect. The results from the experiment support our research model.https://jitm.ut.ac.ir/article_103302_ed73ae5cdc8f196f74f93d8a01d39bd7.pdfUnivrsity Of Tehran PressJournal of Information Technology Management2980-797217320250801Modular and Extensible Framework for Real-Time Social Media Ana-lytics: Modeling Functional Requirements19721610404610.22059/jitm.2025.104046ENFairouzZendaouiLaboratoire de la Communication dans les Systèmes Informatiques, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Informatique, BP 68M, 16309, Oued-Smar, Alger, Algérie.Walid KhaledHidouciLaboratoire de la Communication dans les Systèmes Informatiques, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Informatique, BP 68M, 16309, Oued-Smar, Alger, Algérie.Journal Article20251003Social media platforms have become essential sources for studying social, political, and cultural dy-namics. However, current solutions remain fragmented, domain-specific, and often inaccessible to non-experts. This paper introduces an innovative, generic, and extensible conceptual model to bridge this gap. Unlike existing approaches, our framework offers a unified architecture integrating real-time data collection, structured storage, multilingual processing, search, and semantic analysis (in-cluding sentiment analysis and beliefs) within a modular system. It ensures adaptability to the di-verse needs of researchers and professionals. This model stands out through its unified workflow (collection, analysis, and visualization), turnkey interface for non-experts, and extended semantic capa-bilities. We identify critical functional requirements through a comprehensive review of existing tools, highlighting their limitations. We then model a system of independent yet interoperable mod-ules: real-time stream management, filtering, automatic classification (sentiment, topics), and exten-sion mechanisms. While conceptual, this model lays the foundation for practical implementation, illustrated by use cases that show its relevance in research and industry. Designed to meet research-ers' needs, it opens promising avenues for analyzing public opinion and digital behaviors in social media studies.https://jitm.ut.ac.ir/article_104046_e14ed565c3ad14641e37ed838a8a2f03.pdfUnivrsity Of Tehran PressJournal of Information Technology Management2980-797217320250801Digital Transformation in Financial Reporting: Institutional Pressures Shaping eXtensible Business Reporting Language Implementation in Malaysia21723510404710.22059/jitm.2025.104047ENNur JannahMohaidinFaculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia, and Universiti Kuala Lumpur Business School, Malaysia.0000-0001-8939-7654AiniAmanFaculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.AzleenIliasDepartment of Accounting and Finance, UNITEN Business School, Institute of Energy, Policy, and Research, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Pahang, 26700, Malaysia.Journal Article20251003Digital transformation has redefined financial reporting worldwide, with eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) serving as a global standard for structured, transparent, and automated data exchange. While many advanced economies have mandated XBRL, Malaysia remains in a voluntary phase through the Malaysian Business Reporting System (MBRS). This study investigates how institutional pressures shape XBRL implementation in Malaysia as part of the country’s broader digital transformation agenda, focusing on regulators, preparers, software developers, professional bodies, and service providers' perspectives. Guided by institutional theory, the research explores coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures through a qualitative interpretive approach using semi-structured interviews and supporting documents. Findings reveal that weak regulatory enforcement reduces the effectiveness of coercive pressures, while mimetic pressures emerge as stakeholders adapt practices from more mature jurisdictions and innovate with AI-enabled audit tools. Normative pressures remain underdeveloped due to limited technical skills, training, and assurance mechanisms, leading to inconsistent adoption. These dynamics illustrate how institutional and operational factors interact in shaping digital transformation within financial reporting. Theoretically, the study extends institutional theory to voluntary IT management contexts by showing how external pressures influence system implementation without full regulatory mandates. Practically, it offers guidance for regulators, policymakers, and practitioners to strengthen digital reporting ecosystems and provides insights for other developing countries pursuing technology-driven transformation.https://jitm.ut.ac.ir/article_104047_7ae9ab6a0aee956df5e6c7cc2168c226.pdf